Obese and overweight people require more fuel to transport them and the food they eat, and the problem will worsen as the population literally swells in size, a team at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine says. 

    This adds to food shortages and higher energy prices, the school's researchers Phil Edwards and Ian Roberts wrote in the journal Lancet on Friday.

    "We are all becoming heavier and it is a global responsibility," Edwards said in a telephone interview. "Obesity is a key part of the big picture."

    At least 400 million adults worldwide are obese. The World Health Organization (WHO) projects by 2015, 2.3 billion adults will be overweight and more than 700 million will be obese.

    In their model, the researchers pegged 40 percent of the global population as obese with a body mass index of near 30. Many nations are fast approaching or have surpassed this level, Edwards said.

    BMI is a calculation of height to weight, and the normal range is usually considered to be 18 to 25, with more than 25 considered overweight and above 30 obese.

    The researchers found that obese people require 1,680 daily calories to sustain normal energy and another 1,280 calories to maintain daily activities, 18 percent more than someone with a stable BMI.

    Because thinner people eat less and are more likely to walk than rely on cars, a slimmer population would lower demand for fuel for transportation and for agriculture, Edwards said.

    This is also important because 20 percent of greenhouse gas emissions stem from agriculture, he added.

    The next step is quantifying how much a heavier population is contributing to climate change, higher fuel prices and food shortages, he added.

    "Promotion of a normal distribution of BMI would reduce the global demand for, and thus the price of, food," Edwards and Roberts wrote.

    倫敦衛(wèi)生與熱帶醫(yī)學(xué)院的一個(gè)研究小組日前稱(chēng)，肥胖和體重超標(biāo)人士在日常生活中消耗的交通燃料和食物都更多；而且隨著人們體型的“發(fā)福”，這一問(wèn)題會(huì)不斷加劇。

    該學(xué)院研究員菲爾•愛(ài)德華和伊安•羅伯茨在上周五出版的《柳葉刀》雜志中寫(xiě)道，肥胖會(huì)加劇食品短缺及能源價(jià)格上漲問(wèn)題。

    愛(ài)德華在接受電話采訪時(shí)表示：“人們的體重正在不斷增加，這是個(gè)需要全球關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。肥胖是這一問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵所在。”

    目前全世界至少有4億成年人存在肥胖問(wèn)題。而據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織估計(jì)，到2015年，將有23億成年人體重超標(biāo)，7億多人將存在肥胖問(wèn)題。

    在該研究中，研究人員將全世界40%的人口歸入了肥胖人群，這些人的體重指數(shù)都接近30。據(jù)愛(ài)德華介紹，目前很多國(guó)家很快就會(huì)達(dá)到或已超過(guò)這個(gè)水平。

    體重指數(shù)是一個(gè)以身高與體重為基礎(chǔ)計(jì)算出的比值，其正常范圍通常在18和25之間，超過(guò)25為超重，超過(guò)30即為肥胖。

    研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，肥胖人士每天需要1680卡的熱量來(lái)維持正常體能和1280卡的熱量來(lái)進(jìn)行日常活動(dòng)，比一個(gè)體重指數(shù)在正常范圍內(nèi)的人多18%。

    愛(ài)德華還說(shuō)，因?yàn)檩^瘦的人吃的少，而且他們出行時(shí)更愿意步行而不是乘車(chē)，所以，如果人們都變苗條了，對(duì)燃料和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的需求就會(huì)減少。

    他說(shuō)，這個(gè)問(wèn)題之所以重要還在于目前全球20%的溫室氣體排放都來(lái)自于農(nóng)業(yè)。

    愛(ài)德華還提到，下一步我們要測(cè)算體重超標(biāo)人群對(duì)氣候變化、油價(jià)上漲及食品短缺等問(wèn)題的影響究竟有多大。

    愛(ài)德華和羅伯茨在研究報(bào)告中寫(xiě)道：“促進(jìn)體重指數(shù)的正常分布將能夠減少全球的糧食需求，從而抑制糧價(jià)的上漲。”